Shigar da manyan na'urori masu amfani da hasken rana a cikin tsaunukan Swiss Alps zai kara yawan wutar lantarki da ake samarwa a lokacin hunturu da kuma hanzarta canjin makamashi.Majalisar ta amince a karshen watan da ya gabata don ci gaba da shirin ta hanyar tsaka-tsaki, wanda ya bar kungiyoyin kare muhalli na 'yan adawa cikin takaici.
Bincike ya nuna cewa sanya na'urorin hasken rana a kusa da saman tsaunukan tsaunukan Switzerland na iya samar da wutar lantarki akalla sa'o'i 16 na wutar lantarki a kowace shekara.Wannan adadin wutar lantarki ya yi daidai da kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na makamashin hasken rana na shekara-shekara wanda ofishin ma'aikatar makamashi ta tarayya (BFE/OFEN) zai yi niyya nan da shekara ta 2050. A yankunan tsaunuka na wasu kasashe, kasar Sin tana da manyan masana'antun sarrafa hasken rana da dama, da kuma kanana. -An gina sikelin shigarwa a cikin Faransa da Ostiryia, amma a halin yanzu akwai ƴan manyan na'urori masu girma a cikin Alps na Swiss.
Yawan hasken rana ana manne da kayan aikin da ake dasu kamar gidajen tsaunuka, na'urorin hawan kankara, da madatsun ruwa.Misali, a cikin Mutsee a tsakiyar Switzerland zuwa wasu rukunin yanar gizo (mita 2500 sama da matakin teku) wuraren samar da wutar lantarki suna da irin wannan.A halin yanzu Switzerland tana samar da kusan kashi 6% na jimlar wutar lantarki daga hasken rana.
Duk da haka, saboda yanayin rikici game da sauyin yanayi da karancin makamashi a lokacin sanyi, ana tilastawa kasar yin tunani sosai.A wannan kaka, wasu 'yan majalisa sun jagoranci "Solar Offensive", wanda ke kira don aiwatar da tsari mai sauƙi da sauri don gina tashar wutar lantarki a cikin Alps na Swiss.
A cikin layi daya, an gabatar da sabbin shawarwari guda biyu don gina masana'antar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana a cikin makiyaya a yankin kudancin Swiss na Valais.Ɗayan aiki ne a ƙauyen Gond kusa da Simplon Pass da ake kira "Gondosolar" zuwa wasu shafuka, da kuma wani, arewacin Glengools, tare da babban aikin da aka tsara.
Aikin Gondsolar na francs miliyan 42 (dala miliyan 60) zai girka hasken rana a hekta 10 (square 100,000) na fili mai zaman kansa a kan wani dutse kusa da kan iyakar Switzerland da Italiya.Shirin shine shigar da bangarori 4,500.Mai gida kuma mai ba da shawara kan ayyukan Renat Jordan ya yi kiyasin cewa masana'antar za ta iya samar da wutar lantarki na kilowatt miliyan 23.3 a duk shekara, wanda zai isa ya samar da wutar lantarki a kalla gidaje 5,200 a yankin.
Gundumar Gond-Zwischbergen da kamfanin wutar lantarki na Alpiq su ma sun tallafa wa aikin.A lokaci guda, duk da haka, akwai kuma muhawara mai zafi.A cikin watan Agustan wannan shekara ne wasu gungun masu fafutukar kare muhalli suka gudanar da wata karamar zanga-zanga a wani daji mai tsayin mita 2,000 inda za a gina shukar.
Maren Köln, shugabar ƙungiyar kare muhalli ta tsaunukan tsaunuka na Switzerland, ta ce: “Na yarda da yuwuwar makamashin hasken rana, amma ina ganin yana da muhimmanci a yi la’akari da gine-gine da ababen more rayuwa da ake da su (inda za a iya girka na’urorin hasken rana).Har yanzu suna da yawa, kuma ban ga wata bukata ta taɓa ƙasar da ba ta ci gaba ba kafin su gaji,” kamar yadda ya shaida wa swissinfo.ch.
Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta kiyasta cewa sanya na'urorin hasken rana a kan rufin da bangon waje na gine-ginen da ake da su na iya samar da wutar lantarki na terawatt-hour 67 a duk shekara.Wannan ya zarce awoyi 34 na terawatt na hasken rana wanda hukumomi ke nema nan da 2050 (awanni 2.8 terawatt a cikin 2021).
Tsire-tsire masu tsayi na hasken rana suna da fa'idodi da yawa, masana sun ce, ba ko kaɗan ba saboda sun fi yin aiki a lokacin hunturu lokacin da ake samun ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
"A cikin Alps, rana tana da yawa musamman, musamman a lokacin hunturu, kuma ana iya samar da hasken rana sama da gajimare," in ji Christian Schaffner, shugaban Cibiyar Kimiyyar Makamashi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Tarayya ta Zurich (ETHZ), ya shaida wa Jama'ar Swiss Talabijin (SRF).yace.
Ya kuma yi nuni da cewa, na’urorin hasken rana sun fi inganci idan aka yi amfani da su a sama da tsaunukan Alps, inda yanayin zafi ya fi sanyi, kuma ana iya shigar da na’urorin hasken rana guda biyu a tsaye don tattara haske daga dusar ƙanƙara da kankara.
Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai wasu da yawa da ba a sani ba game da tashar wutar lantarki ta Alps, musamman ta fuskar farashi, fa'idodin tattalin arziki, da wuraren da suka dace don shigarwa.
A watan Agustan wannan shekara, gungun masu fafutukar kare muhalli sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a wurin da ake shirin yin ginin da ke sama da tekun mita 2,000 © Keystone / Gabriel Monnet
Masu fafutuka sun yi kiyasin cewa tashar wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana da aikin Gond Solar ya samar, za ta iya samar da wutar lantarki sau biyu a kowace murabba'in mita fiye da makamancinsa a cikin lunguna.
Ba za a gina shi a wuraren da aka karewa ba ko wuraren da ke da haɗarin bala'o'i kamar dusar ƙanƙara.Sun kuma yi ikirarin cewa ba a ganin kayan aikin daga kauyukan da ke makwabtaka da su.An shigar da takardar neman shigar da aikin Gondola a cikin shirin jihar, wanda a halin yanzu ake nazari.Ko da an karbe ta, ba za ta iya tinkarar matsalar karancin wutar lantarki da ake fargabar a wannan lokacin sanyi ba, domin a shekarar 2025 ne ake shirin kammala ta.
Aikin ƙauyen Glengool, a gefe guda, ya fi girma.Tallafin kuɗi shine franc miliyan 750.Shirin dai shi ne gina wata tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai girman girman filayen kwallon kafa 700 a kasa a tsayin mita 2,000 kusa da kauyen.
'Yar majalisar dattawan Valais, Beat Rieder, ta shaida wa jaridar Tages Anzeiger cewa, aikin samar da hasken rana na Grenghiols yana nan da nan kuma zai kara karfin wutar lantarki na terawatt 1 na sa'o'i (zuwa abin da ake fitarwa a yanzu).yace.A ka'ida, wannan na iya biyan bukatar wutar lantarki na birni mai mazauna 100,000 zuwa 200,000.
Brutal Nature Park, inda irin wannan katafaren wurin shine "wasan shakatawa na yanki mai mahimmancin ƙasa" ga sauran rukunin yanar gizon masu muhalli suna ƙara damuwa game da shigar da su a ciki.
Wani aiki a ƙauyen Grenghiols na canton Valais yana shirin gina tashar wutar lantarki mai girman filayen ƙwallon ƙafa 700.SRF
Amma magajin garin Grenghiols Armin Zeiter ya yi watsi da ikirarin cewa masu amfani da hasken rana za su lalata yanayin, yana gaya wa SRF cewa "sabuwar makamashi yana nan don kare yanayi."Hukumomin yankin sun amince da aikin ne a watan Yuni kuma suna son a fara shi nan take, amma har yanzu ba a gabatar da shirin ba, kuma akwai matsaloli da dama kamar rashin wadatar wurin da aka sanyawa da yadda ake hadawa da grid.ya kasance ba a warware ba.Jaridar Wochenzeitung ta harshen Jamus ta mako-mako ta ba da rahoto a cikin labarin baya-bayan nan game da adawar cikin gida ga aikin.ga wasu shafuka.
Wadannan ayyuka biyu masu amfani da hasken rana sun yi tafiyar hawainiya a yayin da babban birnin Bern ke ci gaba da zafafa kan batutuwan da suka shafi sauyin yanayi, samar da wutar lantarki a nan gaba, dogaro da iskar gas na Rasha, da yadda za a tsira a wannan lokacin sanyi.filin shinkafa.
Majalisar dokokin Switzerland ta amince da CHF biliyan 3.2 a matakan sauyin yanayi a watan Satumba don cimma burin rage CO2 na dogon lokaci ga sauran wuraren.Har ila yau, za a yi amfani da wani bangare na kasafin kudin wajen samar da makamashin makamashi da ke barazana ga mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine.
Wane tasiri takunkumin da aka kakaba wa Rasha zai yi kan manufofin makamashin Switzerland?
An buga wannan abun cikin a ranar 2022/03/252022/03/25 mamayewar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine ya kawo cikas ga samar da makamashi, wanda ya tilastawa kasashe da dama duba manufofinsu na makamashi.Ita ma kasar Switzerland tana sake tantance yawan iskar iskar gas da ake sa ran za a shiga lokacin hunturu mai zuwa.
Har ila yau, sun amince da cewa, ana bukatar karin buri masu inganci don ninka samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa nan da shekarar 2035, da kuma kara samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana a yankunan da ke kan iyaka da kuma manyan tsaunuka.
Rieder da gungun 'yan majalisar dattawan kasar sun matsa kaimi wajen samar da dokoki masu sauki don gaggauta gina manyan masana'antar hasken rana a tsaunukan tsaunukan Switzerland.Masana muhalli sun kadu da kiraye-kirayen a tantance tasirin muhalli da kuma tsallake bayanan gina tashar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana.
A ƙarshe, Majalisar Dokokin Bundestag ta amince da wani tsari mai matsakaicin matsayi daidai da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Switzerland.Kamfanin wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana na Alps wanda ke fitar da sa'o'i sama da 10-gigawatt na shekara-shekara zai sami tallafin kudi daga gwamnatin tarayya (har zuwa kashi 60 cikin 100 na kudin zuba jari na babban birnin kasar), kuma za a saukaka tsarin tsare-tsare.
Amma Majalisar ta kuma yanke shawarar cewa gina irin wadannan manyan masana'antar hasken rana zai zama matakin gaggawa, kuma za'a hana shi a wuraren da aka karewa, kuma za a rushe da zarar sun kai karshen rayuwarsu..Har ila yau, ya wajabta wa dukkan sabbin gine-ginen da aka gina a kasar Switzerland samun na'urorin hasken rana idan filin ya zarce murabba'in mita 300.
Dangane da wannan shawarar, Dutsen Wilderness ya ce, "Mun ji daɗin cewa mun sami damar hana masana'antu na Alps gabaɗaya gaba ɗaya."Ya ce bai gamsu da matakin da aka dauka na kebe kananan gine-gine daga wajibcin sanya na’urorin hasken rana ba.Wannan shi ne saboda ana ganin yanayin a matsayin "mai yatsa" a cikin haɓaka ikon hasken rana a wajen Alps.
Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam Franz Weber Foundation ta kira matakin majalisar tarayya na tallafawa manyan masana'antar hasken rana a tsaunukan Alps "rashin hankali" tare da yin kira da a gudanar da zaben raba gardama da ya sabawa dokar.
Natalie Lutz, mai magana da yawun kungiyar Pro Natura, ta ce yayin da ta yaba da janyewar Majalisa daga "mafi munin abubuwan da ba su dace da tsarin mulki ba", kamar kawar da nazarin tasirin muhalli, ta yi imanin cewa "ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana har yanzu ana gudanar da su ne ta hanyar kashe kudade. yanayi a yankunan tsaunuka,” kamar yadda ya shaida wa swissinfo.ch.
Masana'antu sun mayar da martani da sauri ga wannan shawarar, suna matsawa zuwa sabbin shawarwarin ayyuka da yawa.Bayan da majalisar tarayya ta kada kuri'ar sassauta aikin gina tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki ta Alps, rahotanni sun ce wasu manyan kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki na kasar Switzerland su bakwai sun fara la'akari da hakan.
Jaridar NZZ am Sonntag mai magana da harshen Jamus ta fada a ranar Litinin cewa kungiyar masu ruwa da tsaki ta Solalpine na neman yankuna 10 masu tsaunuka masu tsayi a matsayin wuraren da za su iya samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana kuma za ta tattauna da kananan hukumomi, mazauna yankin, da masu ruwa da tsaki.rahotanni sun fara wasu shafuka.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-27-2022